Crusher



Nov- 23 1926. 1,607,615

R. c. GREENFIELD GRUSHER Filed Sept, 30 1922 lates more Patented Novi J23, 1926.

1,607,615 UNITED STATES .PATENT- OFFICE] BOY C, GREENFIELD, OF MILWAUKEE,'WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-CEALMERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

This-invention relates in general to improvements in the art of reducing material such as rock, ore coal and the like,,and respeci cally to improvements in the constructmn and operation of crushing machinery.

An object of the invention is to provide a crusher which is simple in construction and efiicient in operation.

It has heretofor been common practice tp utilize. so called gyratory crushers for the purpose of reducing material such as rock, ore and the like. The gyratory type of crusher heretofore universally employed comprises generally a stationary annular concave and 'a crushing head gyratable within and relatively to the concave, the material being fed by gravity through the vertical annularspace between the concave and head and being gradually reduced as it approaches the crusher discharge. In these prior machines the crushing chamber is of gradually decreasing cross-sectional area from the inlet to thedischarge of the crusher and the rateof advancement of material. through the crusher is dependent-upon the rate of deliveryof material therefrom. ing upon certain materials, it has been found that in order to permit most eifective' crushin}; and to produce maximum capacity of a machine of this kind, the crushing chamber should not decrease in a cross-sectional area at a uniform rate. If the crushing chamber is so constructed the material after having.

been preliminarily crushed, frequently packs in an intermediate zone otthe'crusher and prevents maximum crushing efficiency in the .final portionof the crushing chamber.

- The present invention contemplat provision of means whereby the capacity of a 'crnsherbf this general type may be greatly increased without additional application of power; The invention consists of sub-dividing the criishing chamber of a'gy'ratory crusher into superposed sections so that the initial crushin directly intothe." relatively enla ged inlet of asubsequent crushing sectioin d acts as a feeder "ftr the subsequent 1 crushing section. By thus constructing and arranging the ele-' ments', it is'found that packing of material effectively prevented and that the capacity v and efliciencyofthe crusher is greatly increased.

Application filed September 30, 1922. Serial No. 591,463.

' spherical surface When operatsection delivers its discharge a central vertical section through an im-- proved gyratory crusher having a compound or sectional crushing chamber.

The crusher disclosed in the drawing comprises generally a stationary annular upper frame 7 having superposed annular concaves 5, 6 mounted therein, a substantially vertical main shaft 2 gyratable within the concaves 5,6 by means of an eccentric 9, and a pair of'superposed crushing heads 8, 4 carried b the main shaft 2 and cooperating with the concaves 5, 6 respectively. The stationary upper frame 7 is mounted upon a stationary lower frame 8 which also provides a bearing for the driving eccentric 9.

Th shaft 2 is sus ended from an adjustable d bearing 10v supported in a spider 11 *which is mounted upon the stationary upper frame 7. The eccentric 9 c0- acts with the lower extremity of the main shaft 2 and is rotatable by means of a bevel 1 gear 12 cooperating with a pinion 13carried by a horizontal drive shatt 14 which is continuously rotatable by means of power applied to the driving pulley 15. The compound annular crushing chamber is rovided with an upper inlet 16 adjacent to the spider 11, and the lower frame 8 is provided with a final discharge chute 17 for deliverin the finally crushed product from the machine.

During the normal operation oi the crusher the 'material to be reduced is admitted to the annular inlet opening 16 while the eccentric 9 As the heads 3; l gyrate reltheshattQ is being gyrated with the aid of atively to the concaves 5, 6 the materialndmitted tolthe inlet 16 is gradually initially reduced in the primary crushing chamber located between the upper head 3 and the upper concave 5. The partially reduced material is. fed by gravity through this initial upper crushing chamber-and is eventually delivered by gravity directly into the relatively enlarged annular inlet of the secondary or final crushing chamber. In the 'final crushing chamber the initially reduced by gravity through the final crushing cham-' her it is reduced to the desired size and is eventually delivered from the final crushing chamber and from the machine through the lower discharge chute 17.

It will be noted that by providing superposed primary and secondary crushers, the primary crusher initially reduces the material and gradually feeds the partially reduced material to the secondary crusher without permitting packing of the material at an intermediate portion of the crushing chamber and thus choking the crusher. The moment the initially crushed material is delivered from the primary crusher it is permitted to freely expand due to the provision of the relatively large annular inlet opening for the secondary crushing chamber. The

crushing heads 3, 4 may be readily vertically adjusted within the concaves 5, 6 to vary the" degree of reduction. It has been found advantageous to chamfer off the discharge end of the final crushing head as indicated in the drawing, in order to permit relatively free delivery of the finally reduced product. By thus chamferingthe discharge end of the final crushing head 1, the size of the finally discharged product is not materially varied by vertical adjustment of the heads, while the size of the product dischar ed from the initial crushingchamber may fie varied by such adjustment. thus provided with initial and one or more secon ary crushing chambers separated by relatively large feeding spaces, has been found to produce greater capacity and to operate more efiiciently than a machine of similar'size having but a single gradually enlarging crushing chamber. While the invention has been disclosed as applied to a vertical crusher of the gyratory type, it will be obvious that features thereof are also readily applicable to other types of ma chines. It will also be apparent that more than two superposed crushers may be desirable when crushing certain materials, such modification being within the contemplatio of the present invention.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction and of operation herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. Incombination, a pair of adjoining crusher heads, one of which has a substantially cylindrical discharge portion, a concave surrounding and cooperating with each of said heads to provide a pair of re- A machine materially momma stricted discharge openings, and means for simultaneously adjusting said heads to vary the cross-sectional area of one of said openings without altering the area of the opening adjacent to said cylindrical discharge portion.

' 2. In combination, a pair of superposed adjoining crusher heads, the lower of which has a substantially cylindrical discharge portion, a concave surrounding and cooperating with each of said heads to provide a pair of superposed restricted annular .discharge openings, and means'for simultaneously adjusting said heads to vary the cross sectional area of the upper of said openings without altering the area of the lower opencrusher heads having a common suspension located thereabove the lower of said heads having a substantially cylindrical discharge portion, a concave cooperating with each of said heads to provide superposed restricted discharge openings, means for simultaneously gyrating said heads, and means for simultaneously adjusting said heads to vary the cross sectional area of the upper of said openings without altering the area of the lower opening:

i 5. In combination, a single frame, superposed eoncaves mounted within said frame, an upright gyratory shaft suspended centrally within said concaves, superposed adjoining frusto-conical crusher heads mounted upon said shaft and providing contiguous superposed crushing chambers, one of said heads having a substantially cylindrical portion at its dischargeend, and means for moving .said heads along the axis of said shaft and relatively to said concaves.

6. In combination, a single frame, superposed concaves mounted within said frame, an upright gyratory shaft suspended centrally within said concaves, and superpbsed adjoining frusto-conical crusher heads mounted upon said shaft and providing contiguous superposed crushing chambers, the upper of said heads having greater discharge diameter than the lower.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is aflixed hereto.

ROY c. GREENFIELD. 

